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About six months ago my new wife and I upped sticks from the heart of South East London, to a small market town in Hertfordshire called Berkhamsted. Having moved into a new house, I took the opportunity to re-evaluate my cheese making set up. It’s taken a couple of months, but I reckon I’ve now got the best home cheese-making setup possible.
Having been making cheese at home for 5 years now, and having had various home cheese-making setups, I have quite a clear idea of how I like my kit laid out, how I like the space to work, and an even clearer sense of what mistakes to avoid.
- No highly-customised small-scale cheese making equipment. There are two reasons for this, both of which are well illustrated by my old vat. It was designed as a “experimental vat” for industrial scale cheese makers, which could take around 20 litres of milk. It worked perfectly well, up until the day I knocked the drainage tap while cleaning it, and found the seal was no longer water tight. After finding out about food-safe solder, I managed to bodge a fix, however it never sat right with me. Also, when people asked me about how I made cheese at home, replying with “oh, I have a customised cheese vat” automatically turns them off the idea that they can do it themselves (something I’m passionate about). The perfect home cheese making setup should consist of off-the-shelf products, which can easily be repaired and replaced.
- Everything needs to be super easy to clean. In the early days of my home cheese making, my biggest enemy was contaminants. I was recently asked by someone looking to start making cheese themselves whether they should be worried about dodgy moulds making them sick. My response was that in the first year of home cheese making, I made myself sick twice, but both times were entirely my own fault. Poor attention to cleanliness is the enemy of cheese making. I always liken cheese making to those early school experiments where you grow cultures in a petri dish. That agar jelly, and your “blank” cheese is a perfect place for moulds to grow, good or bad. So minimising the “bad” is of paramount importance.
- The whole setup needs to be relatively compact. This is partly for ease of access, and also because I’m not about to turn my entire house over to cheese making (well, that’s the line I’m going with anyway!), so it needs to fit neatly into a small space.
So having unpacked all the rest of the house, and done all the boring but fun stuff like painting, I then turned my attentions to my cheese corner (my wife won’t let me call it the cheese room!). I spent ages poring over the Nisbets catalogue (highly recommended!), weighing up various options, and thinking back to what frustrated me about my previous setup, and I ended up with what I think, is the perfect home cheese making setup.
Any room will do for a cheese room, although ideally you’d want it to be uncarpeted and easy to clean. My cheese corner occupies an area of around two metres in length, and one metre in depth.
Storage & Sanitation
Starting at the top, I needed somewhere to put moulds, racks and bits and bobs. A normal shelf isn’t really good enough, as it needs to be easy to clean, and be food safe.
In my old cheese making setup, after washing my hands I used hand sanitiser before handling the cheese, however it always worried me that the residue would taint the taste. Powder-free gloves, although not exactly natural, are the best way of reducing contaminants. Obviously wash your hands first!
Staying in the exciting world of hygiene, next up is a centrefeed dispenser. This might sound dramatic, but having easy access towels has literally revolutionised my home cheese making. Cleaning up simple spills, and even patting down overly wet curd is now a complete breeze. I didn’t quite read the description when buying the rolls themselves, so was a bit surprised when a box of twelve turned up, but with the amount I use them that’s a good thing!
Milk Transportation
Now hygiene is out of the way, let’s move on to the bits needed to actually make the cheese. First of all, getting the milk from the vat (or cow, if you’re lucky enough to have access to some). Food-safe containers. Not very exciting, but worth getting a few good ones, in a variety of sizes up to around 10 litres, otherwise it’ll get too heavy to carry. I got these ones in Dunelm, but similar ones are available from any supermarket or DIY shop.
Measurement Tools
Once the milk is in the vat, having an accurate temperature measurement is extremely important. Just a few degrees too high can send acidification out of control – too low a temperature and progress will be slow.
Speaking of acidification, having a titration kit or pH meter is vital throughout the cheese making process. Most industrial cheese making recipes use titratable acidity measurements rather than pH in their instructions, and for good reason. Titratation using sodium hydroxide and phenolphthalein measures the acidity of a solution, whereas pH measures the concentration of free hydrogen ions. There is no direct relationship between the two, and the milk acidity is what you’re trying to measure, pH changes are just a by-product, which can be otherwise impacted by the specific buffering capacity of the milk sample. Well, that’s what A-level chemistry taught me anyway!
Do I Need A Section About A Spoon & A Pallet Knife?
Well, yes actually! When I started making cheese at home, I had no idea how much a proper spoon and pallet knife would be! Stirring the milk to make sure any separated fat is thoroughly mixed through is a job for a decent perforated spoon. I can’t say for certain that perforation makes a difference, but it seems easier to stir. A palette knife can be used to cut the curd, ideally a completely stainless steel one for easy cleaning.
Moulds & Starters
All home cheese makers need a variety of moulds in their freezer on hand to innoculate milk depending on what’s being made. I usually have the full colour spectrum available, to ensure I can make whatever takes my fancy: blue (top right), white (left) and orange (centre) covers just about everything.
As well as having packet DVI starter in the freezer, I also have a variety of liquid starters frozen from previous successful batches of cheese. These can be used to innoculate future batches, and require food-safe freezable containers which hold around 150ml.
Since I haven’t been making cheese much recently, I’d started using rennet tablets rather than liquid, and have found them fantastic. The strength seems much more consistent, and their expiry date is years away rather than a few months with liquid rennet.
Rennet tablets need to be dissolved in cold, filtered water, so what better to use than a stainless steel milk jug, similar to those used to froth milk in coffee shops.
Curd-handling Tools
Once the milk has set, and the curd has been cut, it needs to be scooped out into moulds. Having tried various types of perforated spoons in the past, I found that just using a small soft cheese mould actually works better than anything else.
The curd, now in moulds, needs somewhere to drain. A perforated gastronorm, sitting on top of a clear gastronorm is the perfect solution. It’s sturdy enough to allow reasonable amounts of pressure should the cheese need it, and the clear gastronorm makes sure that you never end up overflowing.
Storing Young Cheeses
Once the cheeses are drained, pressed and fully formed, they need somewhere to live. I’ve found clear gastronorms the best way to go, since they’re food safe, easy to clean and fit in the fridge easily. They’re also useful for brining, as shown above.
The best bit about these gastronorms, is that they have a little shelf inside meaning the cheese doesn’t sit in it’s whey, as well as giving the possibility of adding a little bit of water to the bottom which with the addition of a lid, creates a nice humid little box for cheeses to live in.
Cheese Fridges! (yes, I definitely need two…)
Now the cheeses are ready for storage, it’s time to look at the cheese cave. I’ve got two ordinary household fridges sitting on top of each other. While using one fridge is fine, having two gives you the opportunity to reduce mould cross-contamination by physically separating your cheeses.
And finally… the all-important vat!
Saving the best for last – the vat. A simple bain marie, with a single full-sized gastronorm immersed inside.
With temperature control up to 90C, the bain marie heats the milk up with quite incredible speed, and accuracy. With a capacity of 20 litres, it’s the perfect size for home cheese makers.
What’s Next?
So, what’s left to do? Well, I need to sort out the temperature and humidity controller so it’s constructed from off-the-shelf components, and also gives some historical information about how those parameters have changed over time.
Also I need to construct a press. I’ve tried traditional Dutch presses in the past, but the cleanliness was always questionable, and the ability to apply the large pressures required for cheddars and the like just wasn’t possible on such a small piece of kit. I’ve got a few ideas, and am planning on starting construction in the next couple of weeks, so I’ll follow up with a post once it’s complete.
Albert said:
Very interesting post, as always. Thanks for sharing your experience.
Please take a look, if you want, at my cheesy blog
Greetings from catalunya
handyface said:
Thanks for the link – I haven’t seen your blog before. I don’t understand it, but the pictures tell the story!
Caitlin said:
Wow, I’m envious. I’m moving soon, but to a place with even less kitchen space than I have now (which is not much). I think I’ll have to put my “cave” in the garage, which is outside and across the street from our cottage. The challenge should be interesting… I hope it isn’t too prohibitive to making cheese!
handyface said:
As long as there’s a reasonably easy way of getting stuff to / from the garage you should be fine. I actually considered renting a garage for my cheese in my old house, to free up the spare room for actual people!
Rob said:
This has been a fascinating read!
Good luck!
Best regards,
Rob.
handyface said:
Thanks Rob, glad you enjoyed!
Anonymous said:
I use my sausage stuffer as a cheese press two speed works well. jeff
handyface said:
I had no idea what a sausage stuffer was until just now, but it looks like it would work quite well! A friend suggested a car jack too, which would be quite good.
Adam said:
Hi.
Your setup is fantastic and I’m moving slowly towards something similar. Do you mind if I ask a few semi-technical questions?
The Bain Marie you’re using – do you use it as a steam bath (as designed) or overfill it to have water up the sides of the inner tray? I’m contemplating options and unsure how it would go. Also how accurate are you temperatures with it? Should I add a PID controller for better temp stability?
And what do you use the little square pans for that are on your shelf?
handyface said:
Hi Adam,
I overfill it a little, so the water comes up the sides of the inner tray. The temperature stability is quite good, however you do get a <1C difference between the top of the milk and the bottom. Nothing too major, and can be compensated for.
The little square pans are for experiments which require separate vats, like the rennet experiments I did a while back: https://handyface.wordpress.com/2012/05/07/rennet-type-experiments-the-cheese/
Let me know how you get on, always interested in seeing other setups!
Andy
Pete Cosgrove said:
Hi H!
Ive been tempted to buy one of those Buffalo bain marie’s via Ebay. Is the thermostat good enough on it without any need to mod it? And as for leveling out the vat temp, I would of thought by taking the milk up to a degree higher than required and then stirring it would do it!
Also..what size are your gastronomes and where did you get them from?
handyface said:
Hi Pete,
The thermostat is remarkably accurate! The only issue I’ve found is at <1C difference between the top and bottom of the milk, which can be compensated for by keeping the room reasonably warm and stirring when possible, as you suggest.
I get all my kit from Nisbets, the gastronorms are here: http://www.nisbets.co.uk/vogue-polycarbonate-1-1-gastronorm-container-100mm-clear/U225/ProductDetail.raction
What kind of cheese are you making?
Andy
Fi said:
Hi there. You have without a doubt the best information out there on a simple setup. Good stuff. A question though – how did you calibrate your Bain Marie? Put it at each marker and leave it on until you had a stable thermometer temperature in the vat? Mark it and move onto the next mark? Cheers!
handyface said:
Yes pretty much, although I’m not too worried about +/- a couple of degrees in general, just need to make sure you compensate throughout the make depending on how the curd is progressing.
Maria said:
Thanks for sharing this information. I’ve just begun making cheese and am interested in acquiring an inexpensive cheese vat to make heating milk and holding temperatures easier. This is the beginning of my hunt. Wish me luck!
paul carnall said:
very interesting i to have the nisbets catalogue and i to have bought the same piece of kit that you have i got the idea from Gianaclis Caldwells book Mastering artisan
cheesemaking.
then i found your blog so i think this is the next step after having two years with the
8 litre double boiler i can no use 16 ltrs of milk
only slight problem i have had is coagulation times until i relised the surface area
was cooling the top inch or so of milk now i put a warm towel on the lid for
ripening and renneting now i get a clean break bang on time apart from that
its the best bit of kit i have bought
Paul
Adam said:
Thankyou Paul, simply for posting your experience. It has been over a year since we moved house and I haven’t had my vat running in all that time. I am reinspired to setup the cheese room and make a few batches.
And thankyou of course to handyface for making this in the first place 🙂
Tony Davis. said:
Hi Andy,
Great reading your blog. I too have been using adhoch arrangements for cheese making, with variable results! I like the idea of using a Baine Marie but they all seem to be limited to a pan depth of 150mm. I would prefer something deeper but nothing seems to be available.
How do you find the 150mm depth? is it really deep enough?
Kind regards
Tony.
Paul Pennell said:
Hi Handyface
first great blog – I am looking at options of a cheese vat, even thinking of making my own but also the idea of a bain marie has come up a few times, can I ask a few questions please>
1 if your target temp is say 32 degrees do you just heat the bain marie to that temp and if so how long does it generally take, or do you need to heat the bain marie higher and wait for the temp of the milk to reach 32′
2 Does it hold that temp for most of the process
Thanks for all your advice and will continue to follow
Judi Castille said:
Just found your blog after searching info about rennet! Interesting as I am about to make brie with vegetarian and what I made last week on a course did taste a little bitter..but ok. I am currently in London but moved to France this year in the heart of cow country Limousin. I will be making all my cheese and as we have gallons of goats milk available, goats cheese definitely on. Great article.
Judi Castille said:
‘re cutting whey. I use a mini cake cooling rack. Tilt slightly from vertical, wiggle as you pull towards you and voila you have perfectly cubed curds. Work down next section and done. One with just horizontal bats easiest so the curd flows through more easily then just turn the rack 90 degrees and cut across the other way to get your cubes.
Linda Willoughby said:
Hi Andy can you tell me where you got your bain marie from as I have been looking for that size for ages. Many thanks.
Anonymous said:
Nisbets, a catering supplier: https://www.nisbets.co.uk/
Tony said:
Hi,
I got mine from Nisbets.co.U.K. Not cheap but they have a good selection.